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1.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 55(3): 347-355, jul. 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1374056

ABSTRACT

Resumen Las infecciones de las vías respiratorias inferiores se encuentran entre aquellas en las que el uso inadecuado de antimicrobianos es frecuente, por lo que es fundamental contar con una prueba diagnóstica rápida, sensible y específica. El sistema de FilmArray es un análisis de PCR múltiple con un panel de neumonía que incluye 26 microorganismos y 7 marcadores de resistencia antimicrobiana. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: a) establecer la correlación entre los cultivos cuantitativos para agentes bacterianos de muestras de vías respiratorias inferiores (MRVB) y la detección fenotípica de mecanismos de resistencia con los correspondientes resultados de FilmArray; b) determinar el cambio terapéutico generado con el informe del resultado inmediato. Se incluyó un total de 194 MRVB correspondientes a 191 pacientes con neumonía y se documentaron 277 bacterias. FilmArray identificó 253/277 (91%) bacterias y 161/277 (58%) se aislaron del cultivo, 58 (23%) coincidieron con el mismo recuento, 116 (46,7%) dieron mayores recuentos con FilmArray y 72 (28,9%) fueron detectadas por este método pero el cultivo fue negativo. Se detectaron marcadores de resistencia antimicrobiana en 63 aislados, pero solo 28 fueron confirmados por métodos fenotípicos. Estos resultados podrían haber provocado cambios en el tratamiento antibiótico en el 74,6% (174/194). FilmArray es una herramienta útil para optimizar el tratamiento antimicrobiano en pacientes con neumonía.


Abstract Lower respiratory tract infections are among those in which the inappropriate use of antimicrobials is common, so it is essential to have a rapid, sensitive and specific diagnostic test. The FilmArray system is a multiplex PCR assay with a pneumonia panel that includes 26 microorganisms and 7 antibiotic resistance markers. The objectives of this study were: a) to establish the correlation between quantitative cultures for bacterial agents from lower respiratory tract samples (MRVB) and the phenotypic detection of resistance mechanisms with the corresponding results of FilmArray b) to determine the therapeutic change generated with the immediate result report. A total of 194 MRVB corresponding to 191 patients with pneumonia were included and 277 bacterial strains were documented. FilmArray identified 253/277 (91%) bacteria and 161/277 (58%) were isolated from culture, 58 (23%) matched the same count, 116 (46.7%) yielded higher counts with FilmArray, and 72 (28.9%) with negative culture were detected by this method. Antibiotic resistance markers were detected in 63 strains, but only 28 were confirmed by phenotypic methods. These results may cause changes in the antimicrobial treatment in 74.6% (174/194). FilmArray is a useful tool to optimize antimicrobial therapy in patients with pneumonia.


Resumo As infecções do trato respiratório inferior estão entre aquelas em que o uso inadequado de antimicrobianos é comum, por isso é essencial um teste diagnóstico rápido, sensível e específico. O sistema FilmArray é um ensaio de PCR multiplo com um painel de pneumonia que inclui 26 microrganismos e 7 marcadores de resistência antimicrobiana. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: a) estabelecer a correlação entre as culturas quantitativas de agentes bacterianos de amostras do trato respiratório inferior (MRVB) e a detecção fenotípica de mecanismos de resistência com os resultados correspondentes do FilmArray b) determinar a alteração terapêutica gerada com o relatório de resultado imediato. Um total de 194 MRVB correspondendo a 191 pacientes com pneumonia foram incluídos e 277 cepas bacterianas foram documentadas. FilmArray identificou 253/277 (91%) bactérias e 161/277 (58%) foram isoladas da cultura, 58 (23%) coincidiram com mesma contagem, 116 (46,7%) deram contagens mais altas com FilmArray e 72 (28,9%) foram detectados por este método, mas a cultura foi negativa. Marcadores de resistência antimicrobiana foram detectados em 63 cepas, mas apenas 28 foram confirmados por métodos fenotípicos. Esses resultados puderam causar alterações no tratamento antibiótico em 74,6% (174/194). FilmArray é uma ferramenta útil para otimizar a terapia antimicrobiana em pacientes com pneumonia..


Subject(s)
Pneumonia/diagnosis , Infections/diagnosis , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage , Airway Resistance
2.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 51(2): 148-152, jun. 2019. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013365

ABSTRACT

Se presentan 2 casos de bacteriemia por Helicobacter cinaedi. El primero se diagnosticó en un varón de 76 años y resultó secundario a la colocación de un acceso vascular; el segundo correspondió a un lactante febril de 37 días de vida, asociado a un cuadro de gastroen-terocolitis aguda. H. cinaedi es un microorganismo que presenta dificultad para desarrollarse en diferentes medios de cultivo y lograr su identificación a nivel de especie. En ambos casos fue fundamental la observación microscópica en fresco de las botellas de hemocultivo, la utilización de la espectrometría de masas y la posterior secuenciación del gen hsp60 para llegar a esa instancia. En los últimos anos se han informado infecciones por H. cinaedi con frecuencia creciente en otras partes del mundo. En este trabajo presentamos los primeros casos de bacteriemia por H. cinaedi documentados en Argentina.


Two cases of bacteremia caused by Helicobacter cinaedi are presented. The first case was diagnosed in a 76-year-old male patient, and was secondary to a vascular access device placement; the second case corresponded to a febrile infant of 37 days of life, and was associated with acute gastroenteritis. H. cinaedi is a microorganism difficult to grow in different culture media and also to identify to species level. In both cases, the microscopic observation of blood culture bottles, the use of mass spectrometry and the subsequent sequencing of the hsp60 gene were essential. In the recent literature, H. cinaedi infections are being reported more frequently. In this report we present the first documented cases of bacteremia caused by H. cinaedi in Argentina.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Aged , Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Argentina/epidemiology , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Blood Culture/methods
3.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 45(3): 160-4, set. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1171790

ABSTRACT

Cronobacter species are opportunistic pathogens associated with severe infections in neonates and immunocompromised infants. From January 2009 through September 2010, two cases of neonatal infections associated with Cronobacter malonaticus and one case associated with Cronobacter sakazakii, two of them fatal, were reported in the same hospital. These are the first clinical isolates of Cronobacter spp. in Argentina. The objective of this work was to characterize and subtype clinical isolates of Cronobacter spp. in neonate patients, as well as to establish the genetic relationship between these isolates and the foodborne isolates previously identified in the country. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis showed a genetic relationship between the C. malonaticus isolates from two patients. Different results were found when the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of clinical isolates were compared with those deposited in the National Database of Cronobacter spp.


Subject(s)
Cronobacter sakazakii/classification , Cronobacter sakazakii/isolation & purification , Argentina , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field , Female , Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Bacterial Typing Techniques
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